Officials in Costa Rica and Panama confiscated migrant passes and mobile phones, refuse access to legal services and move between distant outposts while struggling with the logistics of a suddenly reverse migration flow.
In its first month, the Trump government ordered the Pentagon and the Ministry of Homeland Security to create a migrant system in Guantanamo Bay for up to 30,000 migrants, although so far only a small number of this US marine base in Cuba has been sent, which has worked as a high security for foreign terrorist earners over two decades.
The administration has also completed business with Mexico, Guatemala and El Salvador in order to act as a stopover or goals for migrants that were shown from the USA, but none of the agreements have been detailed for the public, which caused concerns regarding the evading international protection for refugees and asylum seekers.
Panama and Costa Rica, long transit countries for people who hike north, have moved around the new river of migrants who go south and organize the river.
But now both countries have received hundreds of deportees from various nations that the United States tried to accelerate the deportations as the administration of President Donald Trump. At the same time, thousands of migrants from the United States have eliminated to south through Central America – Panama has so far recorded 2,200 in February.
“We are a reflection of the United States’s current immigration policy,” said Harold Villegas novel, professor and refugee expert of political science at the University of Costa Rica. “There is no focus on human rights, there is only concentration and security. Everything is very cloudy and not transparent.”
The US defense minister Pete Hegseth spoke on January 29, 2025 with the analyst of Fox News about the upcoming plans of US President Donald Trump to prepare a migrant function in Guantanamo Bay for tens of thousands of migrants. Although Trump said the USA “the worst criminal illegal foreigners who threaten the American people would capture,” the facility will be separated from the internment camp.
Probably not a final goal
At the beginning of this month, the USA sent 299 deported from mainly Asian countries to Panama. Those who were ready to return to their countries – so far around 150 – were placed on aircraft with the support of the United Nations agencies and paid by the USA
Carlos Ruiz-Hernandez, Deputy Foreign Minister of Panama, said that on Thursday there was a small number of contact with international organizations and the UN refugee authority to search for asylum in Panama.
“None of them want to stay in Panama. They want to go to the USA,” he said in a telephone interview from Washington. “We cannot give you green cards, but we can bring them home and offer medical and psychological support and living space for a short time.”
Despite Trump’s threats to regain control of the Panama Canal, he said that Panama did not act under the pressure of the US pressure.
“This is in Panama’s national interest. We are a friend of the United States and want to work with you to send a signal of deterrent.”
Ruiz-Hernandez said that some of the deportees remaining in Panama would have the opportunity to stay in a protection that originally managed to manage the large number of migrants who refer to the north by the gap from Darien.
A Chinese deport tea that currently stated in the camp that spoke about the condition of anonymity to avoid effects said that she had made no choice.
She was deported to Panama without knowing where they were sent to sign without deportation documents in the USA and without clarity about how long they would be there. She was one of the deportees that were laid by a hotel in Panama City, in which some signs kept in her windows to ask for help in a remote camp in the region.
In conversation with the AP about messages on a cell phone that she had hidden, she said that the authorities had confiscated the phones of others and offered them no legal counsel. Others said they could not have contacted their lawyers.
“This robbed us of our legal process,” she said.
In the lettering of the White House on Tuesday, press spokesman Karoline Leavitt said that the Trump government looks at a migrant who has illegally joined the United States.
Panama President Jose Raul Mulino, who asked on Thursday after the lack of access to legal services, questioned the idea that migrants even had lawyers.
“Panama cannot become a black hole for deported migrants,” said Juan Pappier, deputy director of Human Rights Watch in America. “Migrants have the right to communicate with their families, to search for lawyers, and Panama must guarantee transparency about the situation in which they are.”
Venezuela migrants feel “hopelessness”
Costa Rica has now been subjected to criticism of the country’s independent human rights unity, which “failed” triggered the “failure” of the alarm in order to ensure the proper conditions for the arrival of the deportants. The ombudsman’s office said that migrants were also robbed by their passports and other documents and were not informed about what happened or where they went.
Kimberlyn Pereira, a 27-year-old Venezuelan who traveled with her husband and four-year-old son, was among them.
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Pereira had been waiting for an asylum date in Mexico for months after he had crossed the dangerous daries over Colombia and Panama and drove through Central America. But after Trump took office and closed legal ways to the United States, she gave up and decided to go home despite the continuing crises in Venezuela.
But after being recorded for a week in a Costa Rican detention center near the Panamaic border, she expressed “hopelessness”.
Officials there had told them that they were flown to Cucuta, a Colombian city near the Venezuelan border. But they were invited to buses and driven to the Panamaic port of Miramar on the Caribbean Sea.
Before dawn on Thursday, Pereira and other migrants climbed into wooden boats, which they brought close to the Colombia Panama border, where they wanted to continue their trip. They paid themselves to 200 US dollars in the USA for the journey.